Cosmo 3 Quizzes

1. Why is sample collection the most critical step in cosmogenic nuclide techniques? (Select all that apply.)

A) The accuracy of the final age depends on the quality of the sample.
B) Poor sample choice can result in unreliable or misleading results.
C) Field conditions and sample history must be carefully considered.
D) Lab procedures can always correct for poor sampling.

2. When selecting a sample for surface exposure dating, what factors should be considered? (Select all that apply.)

A) The likelihood that the sample contains inherited cosmogenic nuclides.
B) Whether the sample has been continuously exposed since deposition.
C) The rock type and its mineral composition.
D) The sample’s potential shielding from cosmic rays.

3. How does erosion impact cosmogenic nuclide concentrations in a sample?

A) Erosion increases nuclide concentration by exposing new material.
B) Erosion decreases nuclide concentration by removing surface material.
C) Erosion does not affect nuclide concentration.
D) Erosion can sometimes be estimated by measuring protruding minerals or veins.

4. What are the best types of surfaces to sample for cosmogenic nuclide analysis?

A) Surfaces that have remained stable and continuously exposed.
B) Surfaces that have been intermittently buried and re-exposed.
C) Surfaces that are shielded by vegetation or sediment.
D) Flat, horizontal surfaces with an unobstructed view of the sky.

5. Why should you carefully document field conditions when collecting a sample? (Select all that apply.)

A) To provide necessary corrections for shielding and sample geometry.
B) To assess the geomorphological history of the sample.
C) To help reconstruct past climate conditions.
D) To verify that the sample meets the study's research objectives.

6. What measurements should be recorded when collecting a cosmogenic nuclide sample? (Select all that apply.)

A) Geographic location and elevation.
B) Dip and strike of the sampled surface.
C) The pH of the surrounding soil.
D) Sample thickness.

7. What is the significance of topographic shielding when calculating cosmogenic nuclide production rates?

A) Topographic shielding reduces cosmic-ray flux at the sample site.
B) It has no impact on nuclide production.
C) It must be accounted for when calculating exposure ages.
D) Shielding corrections are only necessary for vertical rock faces.

8. What happens to cosmogenic nuclide production as sample depth increases?

A) It increases exponentially.
B) It remains constant.
C) It decreases exponentially.
D) It fluctuates randomly.

9. What is the range of possible values for the shielding factor?

A) 0 (completely shielded, e.g., in a cave or beneath an ice sheet).
B) 0.5 (moderately shielded, e.g., at the foot of a cliff).
C) 1 (completely exposed, no shielding).
D) 2 (highly exposed surfaces).

10. When sampling from a dipping surface (>30 degrees), what additional factors must be considered? (Select all that apply.)

A) Secondary particle leakage affecting nuclide production rates.
B) The mineralogical composition of the rock.
C) The potential need for a more complex shielding correction.
D) The angle of the sun at the time of sampling.

Cosmogenic Nuclides

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Cosmogenic Nuclides

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